What does the production line look like?

This picture shows a typical tractor or harvester assembly line. The factory building is very high, with a ground conveyor line in the middle, working stations on both sides, and a platform above it. This design is very practical-the upper layer is used for parts and pre-assembly, and the lower layer is concentrated on assembling the whole machine without interfering with each other. The red track above the head is a crane, specially used for lifting heavy objects. The engine and gearbox on the agricultural machinery weigh hundreds of kilograms each and cannot be moved without a crane. Workers wear yellow helmets, use remote control to control the hook, accurately place large parts on the frame, and then tighten them with hand tools. The ground is conveyed by wide plate chains or roller beds, not by thin conveyor belts. Because the agricultural machinery chassis is large and the wheel spacing is different, ordinary conveyor belts cannot be used. This kind of ground line can be stopped, speed can be adjusted, and different models can be used.

How to install it specifically

Step 1: Build the frame first by putting together the frame longitudinal beams and beams and fixing them with rivets or large bolts. This step must be tightened in sequence, otherwise the shelf will deform. Then install the front axle and rear axle. The wheelbase must be accurate, even a few millimeters away, otherwise the car will deviate when the wheels are installed.

Step 2: Release the engine. The heaviest engine is generally 300 to 500 kilograms. Lift the crane and slowly lower it down at the mounting point in front of the frame. Workers should lie down and look to make sure that the engine output shaft and the transmission input shaft are on the same line. If you are not correct correctly, the transmission shaft will shake when you drive it, and the universal joint will quickly wear out. Sometimes gaskets need to be added for adjustment. The thickness of the gasket is calculated, not based on feeling.

Step 3: Install the gearbox and the transmission gearbox connected to the clutch housing and hoist them together in place. Then connect the drive shaft and rear axle to form a complete power chain. The key to this step is to measure the concentricity of each connection point with a special measuring tool.

Step 4: Connect the gear pump, multi-way valve, oil cylinder, and oil pipe in the hydraulic system one by one. Agricultural machinery relies on hydraulic lifting to suspend, steer, and control various agricultural tools. There are two types of pipeline joints: conical seals and O-rings. They must be cleaned before installation and there must be no impurities in them. There is a standard for cleanliness of hydraulic oil. If it is too dirty, it will get stuck with the valve core.

Step 5: Special inflation equipment is used for tires and large tires in the cab, and the air pressure is strictly regulated. The cab is hoisted as a whole, with instruments, wiring harnesses and seats inside, all of which are installed in advance. Finally connect the wires, including headlights, turn signals, instruments, and ECUs.

Step 6: Add oil, add water, add battery diesel, coolant, hydraulic oil, and engine oil according to the amount. Connect the battery and start the test run.

Step 7: Hot test and check engine ignition, run neutral, forward, and reverse gears, listen to the sound and look at the instrument. The hydraulic system operates several times to check for leaks. If there is a problem, dismantle it on the spot. If there is no problem, go offline.

How to deal with different models

Agricultural seasonality is too strong, spring to tractors, summer to harvesters, autumn to corn machines. A production line cannot focus on one product. The solution is modular pre-installation. Large assemblies such as the engine, cab, and front axle are installed in advance at a separate workstation next to them to make "modules." When the main line is needed, the whole vehicle is brought over and the modules are hoisted up and docked. When changing models, just replace different modules, and the main line equipment does not need to be moved much. The pallet clamps on the ground conveyor line are also adjustable. Adjust the tractors with wide tracks wider and narrow the tractors, and finish it in half an hour. This is called rapid replacement, otherwise the production line will be shut down and renovated during the change of season, and the losses will be too great.

How to manage the site

Agricultural machinery factories are different from electronics factories. They do not need a dust-free workshop, but they have their own rules: There is an oil collecting tank on the ground. Oil leaked during hydraulic testing will not flow everywhere and will be recovered centrally. There are large fans and lighting belts overhead. Because the factory building is large and the machines are hot, natural ventilation is more practical than air conditioning. Safety helmets must be worn, the hoisting area is guarded, and the crane has an emergency stop button Tools are placed in place, pneumatic wrenches are hung on the wall, and return to their places when used. From the first bolt to the last roar, this production line transformed thousands of parts into a machine that can work in the fields. There is no fancy concept, just lifting, aligning, tightening, and testing, and repeating it over and over until it is qualified. The essence of agricultural machinery assembly is to use reliable processes to make steel obey the needs of the fields.

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